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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://blog.dich.bid/network-syncthing/">网络艺术:Syncthing 使用指南</a></h1>
<div class="post-meta-inline">
<span class="post-date">
2025-04-17
</span>
</div>
<span class="post-tags-inline">
:: tags:&nbsp;
<a class="post-tag" href="https://blog.dich.bid/tags/network/">#Network</a></span>
<div class="post-content">
<p>前言 在多设备使用的时代，我们常常需要在电脑、服务器、笔记本之间同步文件。常见方案包括网盘、WebDAV、rsync 等，但这些方案要么依赖中心服务器、要么配置复杂、要么对实时性不友好。</p>
<span id="continue-reading"></span><h2 id="jie-shao">介绍</h2>
<p><strong>Syncthing</strong> 是一款开源、去中心化、点对点（P2P）的文件同步工具，主打 <strong>安全、私有、实时同步</strong>。与传统网盘不同，Syncthing 不依赖任何中心服务器，所有数据直接在你的设备之间传输。</p>
<p>Syncthing 具有以下特点：</p>
<ul>
<li><code>去中心化</code>：设备之间点对点同步，不依赖第三方服务器；</li>
<li><code>安全</code>：所有通信均使用 TLS 加密，并基于设备 ID 认证；</li>
<li><code>跨平台</code>：支持 Windows、Linux、macOS、Android 等；</li>
<li><code>实时同步</code>：文件变化可实时同步到其他设备；</li>
<li><code>Web 管理界面</code>：通过浏览器即可完成绝大多数配置；</li>
<li><code>开源</code>：代码完全开源，社区活跃。</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="windows">Windows</h2>
<p>Windows 下推荐直接使用<a rel="noopener nofollow noreferrer" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/Bill-Stewart/SyncthingWindowsSetup">SyncthingWindowsSetup</a>安装,会自动下载最新的syncthing二进制并设置系统服务。</p>
<ul>
<li>Web UI 默认地址：</li>
</ul>
<pre data-lang="text" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-text "><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span>http://127.0.0.1:8384
</span></code></pre>
<h2 id="arch-linux">Arch Linux</h2>
<ul>
<li>使用paru包管理器安装：</li>
</ul>
<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">paru -S</span><span> syncthing
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li>创建 systemd 用户服务</li>
</ul>
<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">sudo</span><span> systemctl enable</span><span style="color:#ffb964;"> --now</span><span> syncthing@&lt;你的用户名&gt;.service
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li>查看状态：</li>
</ul>
<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">systemctl --user</span><span> status syncthing.service
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li>Web UI 默认地址：</li>
</ul>
<pre data-lang="text" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-text "><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span>http://127.0.0.1:8384
</span></code></pre>
<h2 id="nixos">NixOS</h2>
<p>NixOS 自带 Syncthing 模块，配置非常优雅。</p>
<pre data-lang="nix" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-nix "><code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"><span>{ </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">lib</span><span>, </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">pkgs</span><span>, </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">username</span><span>, ... }:
</span><span>
</span><span>{
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">services</span><span>.</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">syncthing </span><span>= {
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">enable </span><span>= true;
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">user </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">username</span><span>;
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">dataDir </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">&quot;/home/${</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">username</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">}/Sync&quot;</span><span>;
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">configDir </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">&quot;/home/${</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">username</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">}/.config/syncthing&quot;</span><span>;
</span><span> </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">guiAddress </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">&quot;127.0.0.1:8384&quot;</span><span>;
</span><span> };
</span><span>}
</span></code></pre>
<ul>
<li>服务状态查看：</li>
</ul>
<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">systemctl</span><span> status syncthing.service
</span></code></pre>
<h2 id="ji-ben-shi-yong">基本使用</h2>
<p>Syncthing 的所有核心操作都可以通过 Web UI 完成，进入 Web UI 后先设置用户名和密码：</p>
<pre data-lang="text" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-text "><code class="language-text" data-lang="text"><span>http://127.0.0.1:8384
</span></code></pre>
<h3 id="tian-jia-she-bei">添加设备</h3>
<ul>
<li>在本机和另一台设备上启动 Syncthing；</li>
<li>分别设置同步文件夹，注意ID要相同；</li>
<li>复制对方的 <strong>设备 ID</strong>；</li>
<li>在 Web UI 中点击「添加远程设备」；</li>
<li>双方确认后即可开始同步。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="wen-jian-jia-tong-bu-mo-shi">文件夹同步模式</h3>
<p>Syncthing 支持多种同步模式：</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>Send &amp; Receive</strong>：双向同步（默认）</li>
<li><strong>Send Only</strong>：只向外同步</li>
<li><strong>Receive Only</strong>：只接收更改</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<p><strong>Done.</strong></p>
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<div class="toc-title">目录</div>
<ul>
<li class="toc-level-2">
<a href="#jie-shao">介绍</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-level-2">
<a href="#windows">Windows</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-level-2">
<a href="#arch-linux">Arch Linux</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-level-2">
<a href="#nixos">NixOS</a>
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<li class="toc-level-2">
<a href="#ji-ben-shi-yong">基本使用</a>
<ul>
<li class="toc-level-3">
<a href="#tian-jia-she-bei">添加设备</a>
</li>
<li class="toc-level-3">
<a href="#wen-jian-jia-tong-bu-mo-shi">文件夹同步模式</a>
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