diff --git a/content/linux-2-stm32.md b/content/linux-2-stm32.md index 327e053..c6cfecd 100644 --- a/content/linux-2-stm32.md +++ b/content/linux-2-stm32.md @@ -6,29 +6,66 @@ date = 2025-07-20 tags = ["Linux"] +++ -前言 本文记录STM32命令行开发环境在Ubuntu上的部署，用以替代Windows上的RT-Thread-studio。RT-Thread同样是开源 +前言 本文记录STM32命令行开发环境在Ubuntu上的部署，用以替代Windows上的RT-Thread-studio。RT-Thread-studio同样是开源 软件，但目前似乎没有Nixos上的打包。 ## 环境 -在ubuntu24.04中安装这些包，包括连接工具，工具链和调试器等等。 -``` +- **Ubuntu** + +以ubuntu24.04为例，安装这些包，包括连接工具，工具链和调试器等等。 +```shell sudo apt update sudo apt install -y git python3 scons openocd stlink-tools gcc-arm-none-eabi gdb-multiarch ``` +- **Nixos** + +虽然没有RT-Thread-studio这个包，但是可以用flake.nix很方便的搭建一个开发环境： + +```nix +{ + description = "STM32 && RT-Thread development environment"; + inputs.nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable"; + outputs = { self, nixpkgs }: + let + supportedSystems = [ "x86_64-linux" "aarch64-linux" ]; + forEachSupportedSystem = f: nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs supportedSystems (system: f { + pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit self system; }; + }); + in + { + devShells = forEachSupportedSystem ({ pkgs }: { + default = pkgs.mkShell { + packages = with pkgs; [ + python312 + scons + openocd + stlink + stlink-tool + gcc-arm-embedded + picocom + ]; + }; + }); + }; +} +``` + ## 源码 使用Git拉取RT-Thread开源项目： -``` + +```shell git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread.git +git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread-Studio/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark.git ``` ## 连接 使用USB连接开发板和开发PC，并使用lsusb查看是否连接成功： -``` +```shell lsusb Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0483:374b STMicroelectronics ST-LINK/V2.1 ``` @@ -37,7 +74,7 @@ Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0483:374b STMicroelectronics ST-LINK/V2.1 添加成功后可以使用这个命令来检测： -``` +```shell ❯ st-info --probe Found 1 stlink programmers version: V2J35S26 @@ -51,7 +88,7 @@ Found 1 stlink programmers ## ENV工具 使用Git拉取RT-Thread配套的linux开发环境，并添加Shell变量。我使用的是fish，你也可以用其他的Shell，命令有所不同。 -``` +```shell git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/env.git ~/env set -x PATH $PATH ~/env fish_add_path ~/env @@ -63,7 +100,7 @@ type pkgs 由于该项目大量使用Python，所以需要PKG包支持。首先我们修改这个文件的交叉工具链部分： -``` +```python #修改 rtconfig.py # cross_tool provides the cross compiler @@ -97,7 +134,7 @@ elif CROSS_TOOL == 'llvm-arm': ``` 随后可以使用PKG初始化并安装两个必要的包： -``` +```shell pkgs --update pip install kconfiglib pip install scons @@ -105,11 +142,11 @@ pip install scons ## 编译 在完成以上设置之后我们可以开始编译。STM32使用scons编译系统，同样是menuconfig命令： -``` +```shell scons --menuconfig ``` 修改配置并保存退出后即可开始编译，$(nproc)代表使用全部CPU线程来编译： -``` +```shell scons -j$(nproc) ``` @@ -119,23 +156,98 @@ scons -j$(nproc) 在烧入之前，我们可以备份一下原来的系统： -``` +```shell st-flash read firmware_backup.bin 0x08000000 0x100001 ``` 随后使用如下命令烧入系统： -``` +```shell st-flash write rtthread.bin 0x08000000 ``` ## 串口 除了USB之外我们还可以使用串口连接： -``` +```shell sudo apt install picocom picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyACM0 version ``` 可以使用``ctrl + A 然后 ctrl + x``退出。 +## 使用Cmake + +通过官方文档可以得知除了scons外还可以使用Cmake来编译. + +首先找到编译器的路径，并export： + +```shell +❯ which arm-none-eabi-gcc +/nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc +export RTT_EXEC_PATH=/nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin +export RTT_CC=gcc +``` + +随后使用指令``scons --target=cmake``： +```shell +❯ scons --target=cmake + +scons: Reading SConscript files ... +Newlib version:4.5.0 +Update setting files for CMakeLists.txt... +Done! +scons: done reading SConscript files. +scons: Building targets ... +scons: building associated VariantDir targets: build +CC build/applications/main.o +LINK rt-thread.elf +arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary rt-thread.elf rtthread.bin +arm-none-eabi-size rt-thread.elf +scons: done building targets. +``` +可以看到生成CmakeLists.txt成功，随后开始构建： + +```shell +❯ cd ./build +❯ cmake .. +CMake Warning (dev) at CMakeLists.txt:43: + Syntax Warning in cmake code at column 100 + + Argument not separated from preceding token by whitespace. +This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it. + +-- The C compiler identification is GNU 14.3.1 +-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 14.3.1 +-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU +-- Found assembler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc +-- Detecting C compiler ABI info +-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done +-- Check for working C compiler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc - skipped +-- Detecting C compile features +-- Detecting C compile features - done +-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info +-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done +-- Check for working CXX compiler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ - skipped +-- Detecting CXX compile features +-- Detecting CXX compile features - done +-- Configuring done (0.4s) +-- Generating done (0.0s) +-- Build files have been written to: /home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/projects/02_basic_ir/build +``` +使用``make``命令编译： + +```shell +❯ make +[ 1%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/applications/main.c.obj +[ 2%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/rt-thread/components/libc/compilers/common/cctype.c.obj +[ 3%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/rt-thread/components/libc/compilers/common/cstdio.c.obj +...... +[ 97%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/libraries/STM32F4xx_HAL/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_tim.c.obj +[ 98%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/libraries/STM32F4xx_HAL/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/system_stm32f4xx.c.obj +[100%] Linking C executable rtthread.elf + text data bss dec hex filename + 98516 1468 8400 108384 1a760 rtthread.elf +[100%] Built target rtthread.elf +``` + --- **Done.** \ No newline at end of file