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<h1 class="post-title"><a href="https://blog.dich.bid/windows-6-c/">Windows系列(6):C/C++开发配置</a></h1>
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2024-05-30
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<span class="post-tags-inline">
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:: tags:
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<a class="post-tag" href="https://blog.dich.bid/tags/windows/">#Windows</a></span>
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<div class="post-content">
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<p>前言 由于 Windows 中开发环境较 linux 复杂，这里总结 Windows 中使用 VScode 开发 C/C++ 的环境配置。</p>
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<span id="continue-reading"></span><h2 id="bu-zou">步骤</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>下载安装 Vscode(Visual Studio Code)</li>
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<li>配置安装中文插件,C/C++插件和 Code Runner 插件</li>
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<li>安装 MinGW64 编译器并配置环境变量</li>
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<li>配置 tasks.json 和 launch.json</li>
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<li>开始C/C++之旅！</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="an-zhuang-vscode">安装VScode</h2>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="https://code.visualstudio.com/">官网</a>-微软官方版</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/VSCodium/vscodium">vscodium</a>-社区开源版本，去除官方版中不开源成分</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="pei-zhi-cha-jian">配置插件</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>默认为英文，在左侧 <code>Extensions</code> 中安装 <code>Chinese(simplified)</code> 插件，重启即可变为中文；</li>
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<li>随后安装<a href="https://github.com/Microsoft/vscode-cpptools">C/C++插件</a>，即下载名称为<code>cpptools-windows-x64.vsix</code>
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的插件并在扩展中<code>从VSIX安装</code>，然后搜索 Code Runner 并安装。</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="an-zhuang-mingw64-bian-yi-qi">安装 MinGW64 编译器</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>首先打开<a href="https://www.mingw-w64.org/">官方文档</a>，然后点击左侧的 Downloads，再点击 Pre-built Toolchains。往下拉，可以看到许多系统的下载包，这里我们选<code>MinGW-W64-builds</code>并点击。页面自动跳转，再点击最上方的 MinGW-W64-builds 下的 GitHub 链接。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>进入Github，找到<code>x86_64-14.2.0-release-win32-seh-ucrt-rt_v12-rev1.7z</code>（版本会更新，选择最新的即可）点击然后下载。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>下载完成后解压得到 mingw64 文件夹，将其移动到<code>C:\Program Files</code>下，随后复制该文件夹中/bin的路径。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>按下 Win + S，在搜索框中输入“系统环境变量”，点击“编辑系统环境变量“，点击环境变量。在下方的系统变量中，选中<code>Path</code>，然后点击编辑，点击右侧的新建，然后黏贴刚刚拷贝的路径，随后一直用<code>确定</code>退出。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>检验是否成功：在cmd中输入<code>gcc -v</code>，如果有版本号则成功。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="pei-zhi-json">配置JSON</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>回到 Visual Studio Code 继续配置。点击左侧的资源管理器，点击打开文件夹，创建一个<code>.cpp</code>文件，里面代码可以是</li>
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</ul>
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<pre style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;"><code><span>#include <iostream>
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</span><span>
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</span><span>int main() {
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</span><span> std::cout << "Hello" << std::endl;
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</span><span> return 0;
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</span><span>}
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</span></code></pre>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<p>保存，然后点击右上角的三角形，选择“运行C/C++文件”。此时上方的搜索框会有弹出，点击“C/C++: g++.exe 构建和调试活动文件”。 然后会生成一个 .vscode 的文件夹，里面包含 tasks.json 文件。打开这个文件，然后按需调整，设置栈空间（这里设置成了256MB）和 C++ 标准（这里设置成C++17）。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>接着生成调试文件，用于进行 debug。点击左侧的运行和调试，然后点击“创建 launch.json 文件”。点击弹出的“另外 C++ (GDB/LLDB) 个选项”。</p>
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</li>
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<li>
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<p>点击右下角的“添加配置”，然后点击“C/C++: (gbd) 启动”。对Program部分进行修改（编译产物的路径）。</p>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<blockquote>
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<p>手动编译：<code>g++ <源代码的相对路径></code> 手动运行编译产物：一般为<code>./a.out</code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>至此 Visual Studio Code 的 C++ 环境已经配置完成。</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p>在ubuntu上配置环境需要安装 <code>sudo apt install build-essential gdb cmake clangd clang-format libstdc++-dev</code></p>
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</blockquote>
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<hr />
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<p><strong>Done.</strong></p>
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<span class="pagination__title-h">Thanks for reading! Read other posts?</span>
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<span class="button__text">Windows系列(4):封装与全自动安装</span>
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2025
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Dichgrem</span>
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<span class="copyright-theme-sep"> :: CC BY-SA 4.0 :: A friend comes from distant lands</span>
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