update:stm32

2025-12-16 21:42:00 -05:00 · 2025-11-20 11:57:24 +08:00
parent 1164d77a15
commit ad5bc86ddf
19 changed files with 136 additions and 127 deletions
--- a/public/linux-2-stm32/index.html
+++ b/public/linux-2-stm32/index.html
@@ -122,20 +122,20 @@
    

        <div class="post-content">
-            <p>前言 本文记录STM32命令行开发环境在Ubuntu上的部署，用以替代Windows上的RT-Thread-studio。RT-Thread-studio同样是开源
-软件，但目前似乎没有Nixos上的打包。</p>
-<span id="continue-reading"></span><h2 id="huan-jing">环境</h2>
+            <p>前言 本文记录STM32命令行开发环境在Linux上的部署，用以替代Windows上的RT-Thread-studio。RT-Thread-studio同样是开源
+软件，但目前没有Nixos上的打包。</p>
+<span id="continue-reading"></span><h2 id="yi-lai-bao">依赖包</h2>
 <ul>
 <li><strong>Ubuntu</strong></li>
 </ul>
-<p>以ubuntu24.04为例，安装这些包，包括连接工具，工具链和调试器等等。</p>
+<p>以ubuntu24.04为例，首先安装这些包，包括连接工具，工具链和调试器等等。</p>
 <pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>sudo apt update
 </span><span>sudo apt install -y git python3 scons openocd stlink-tools gcc-arm-none-eabi gdb-multiarch
 </span></code></pre>
 <ul>
 <li><strong>Nixos</strong></li>
 </ul>
-<p>虽然没有RT-Thread-studio这个包，但是可以用flake.nix很方便的搭建一个开发环境：</p>
+<p>虽然Nixos上没有RT-Thread-studio这个包，但是可以用flake.nix很方便的搭建一个开发环境：</p>
 <pre data-lang="nix" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-nix "><code class="language-nix" data-lang="nix"><span>{
 </span><span>  </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">description </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">&quot;STM32 &amp;&amp; RT-Thread development environment&quot;</span><span>;
 </span><span>  </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">inputs</span><span>.</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">nixpkgs</span><span>.</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">url </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">&quot;github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable&quot;</span><span>;
@@ -165,17 +165,31 @@
 </span><span>}
 </span></code></pre>
 <h2 id="yuan-ma">源码</h2>
-<p>使用Git拉取项目源码：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/rt-thread.git
-</span><span>git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread-Studio/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark.git
+<p>随后使用Git拉取项目源码：</p>
+<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread-Studio/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark.git
+</span></code></pre>
+<h2 id="envgong-ju">ENV工具</h2>
+<p>使用Git拉取RT-Thread配套的linux开发环境，并添加Shell变量。</p>
+<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span># 克隆仓库
+</span><span>git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/env.git ~/env
+</span><span># 将 ~/env 添加到 PATH
+</span><span>export PATH=&quot;$PATH:$HOME/env&quot;
+</span><span># 显示 PATH
+</span><span>echo &quot;$PATH&quot;
+</span><span># 查看 pkgs 命令是否存在
+</span><span>type pkgs
+</span></code></pre>
+<p>随后可以使用PKG初始化并安装两个必要的包：</p>
+<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>pkgs --update
+</span><span>pip install kconfiglib
+</span><span>pip install scons
 </span></code></pre>
 <h2 id="lian-jie">连接</h2>
-<p>使用USB连接开发板和开发PC，并使用lsusb查看是否连接成功：</p>
+<p>使用USB线连接开发板和开发PC，并使用lsusb命令查看是否出现：</p>
 <pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>lsusb
 </span><span>Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0483:374b STMicroelectronics ST-LINK/V2.1
 </span></code></pre>
-<p>如果你和我一样使用 qemu ，需要在libvirt中使用Add_hardware添加usb设备。</p>
-<p>添加成功后可以使用这个命令来检测：</p>
+<p>添加成功后可以使用这个命令来检测是否连接成功：</p>
 <pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>❯ st-info --probe
 </span><span>Found 1 stlink programmers
 </span><span>  version:    V2J35S26
@@ -185,16 +199,11 @@
 </span><span>  chipid:     0x413
 </span><span>  dev-type:   STM32F4x5_F4x7
 </span></code></pre>
-<h2 id="envgong-ju">ENV工具</h2>
-<p>使用Git拉取RT-Thread配套的linux开发环境，并添加Shell变量。我使用的是fish，你也可以用其他的Shell，命令有所不同。</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/env.git ~/env
-</span><span>set -x PATH $PATH ~/env
-</span><span>fish_add_path ~/env
-</span><span>echo $PATH
-</span><span>type pkgs
-</span></code></pre>
-<h2 id="pkggong-ju">PKG工具</h2>
-<p>由于该项目大量使用Python，所以需要PKG包支持。首先我们修改这个文件的交叉工具链部分：</p>
+<blockquote>
+<p>如果你和我一样将Ubuntu安装在QEMU虚拟机中 ，需要在libvirt中使用Add_hardware添加usb设备。</p>
+</blockquote>
+<h2 id="xiu-gai-jiao-cha-gong-ju-lian">修改交叉工具链</h2>
+<p>链接成功后进入项目目录，发现<code>rtconfig.py</code>没有Linux路径，需要我们手动修改交叉工具链部分：</p>
 <pre data-lang="python" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-python "><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="color:#888888;">#修改 rtconfig.py 
 </span><span>
 </span><span style="color:#888888;"># cross_tool provides the cross compiler
@@ -207,6 +216,7 @@
 </span><span>        </span><span style="color:#888888;"># Windows 平台
 </span><span>        </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">EXEC_PATH </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#8fbfdc;">r</span><span style="color:#556633;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">C:\Users\XXYYZZ</span><span style="color:#556633;">&#39;
 </span><span>    </span><span style="color:#8fbfdc;">else</span><span>:
+</span><span>        </span><span style="color:#888888;"># 修改这里
 </span><span>        </span><span style="color:#888888;"># Linux / macOS 平台
 </span><span>        </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">EXEC_PATH </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#556633;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">/usr/bin</span><span style="color:#556633;">&#39;
 </span><span>
@@ -226,11 +236,6 @@
 </span><span>    </span><span style="color:#8fbfdc;">else</span><span>:
 </span><span>        </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">EXEC_PATH </span><span>= </span><span style="color:#556633;">&#39;</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">/usr/bin</span><span style="color:#556633;">&#39;
 </span></code></pre>
-<p>随后可以使用PKG初始化并安装两个必要的包：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>pkgs --update
-</span><span>pip install kconfiglib
-</span><span>pip install scons
-</span></code></pre>
 <h2 id="bian-yi">编译</h2>
 <p>在完成以上设置之后我们可以开始编译。STM32使用scons编译系统，同样是menuconfig命令：</p>
 <pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>scons --menuconfig
@@ -250,92 +255,91 @@
 <p>除了USB之外我们还可以使用串口连接：</p>
 <pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>sudo apt install picocom
 </span><span>picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyACM0
-</span><span>version
 </span></code></pre>
 <p>可以使用<code>ctrl + A 然后 ctrl + x</code>退出。</p>
 <h2 id="shi-yong-cmake">使用Cmake</h2>
 <p>通过官方文档可以得知除了scons外还可以使用Cmake来编译.</p>
-<p>首先找到编译器的路径，并export：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>❯ which arm-none-eabi-gcc
-</span><span>/nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
-</span><span>export RTT_EXEC_PATH=/nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin
-</span><span>export RTT_CC=gcc
+<p>首先找到编译器的路径，并export，我这里是Nixos的路径，如果你使用其他发行版注意修改：</p>
+<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">❯</span><span> which arm-none-eabi-gcc
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">/nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
+</span><span style="color:#8fbfdc;">export </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">RTT_EXEC_PATH</span><span>=</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">/nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin
+</span><span style="color:#8fbfdc;">export </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">RTT_CC</span><span>=</span><span style="color:#99ad6a;">gcc
 </span></code></pre>
 <p>随后使用指令<code>scons --target=cmake</code>：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>❯ scons --target=cmake
+<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">❯</span><span> scons</span><span style="color:#ffb964;"> --target</span><span>=cmake
 </span><span>
-</span><span>scons: Reading SConscript files ...
-</span><span>Newlib version:4.5.0
-</span><span>Update setting files for CMakeLists.txt...
-</span><span>Done!
-</span><span>scons: done reading SConscript files.
-</span><span>scons: Building targets ...
-</span><span>scons: building associated VariantDir targets: build
-</span><span>CC build/applications/main.o
-</span><span>LINK rt-thread.elf
-</span><span>arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary rt-thread.elf rtthread.bin
-</span><span>arm-none-eabi-size rt-thread.elf
-</span><span>scons: done building targets.
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">scons:</span><span> Reading SConscript files ...
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">Newlib</span><span> version:4.5.0
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">Update</span><span> setting files for CMakeLists.txt...
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">Done!
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">scons:</span><span> done reading SConscript files.
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">scons:</span><span> Building targets ...
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">scons:</span><span> building associated VariantDir targets: build
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">CC</span><span> build/applications/main.o
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">LINK</span><span> rt-thread.elf
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O</span><span> binary rt-thread.elf rtthread.bin
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">arm-none-eabi-size</span><span> rt-thread.elf
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">scons:</span><span> done building targets.
 </span></code></pre>
 <p>可以看到生成CmakeLists.txt成功，随后开始构建：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>❯ cd ./build       
-</span><span>❯ cmake ..  
-</span><span>CMake Warning (dev) at CMakeLists.txt:43:
-</span><span>  Syntax Warning in cmake code at column 100
+<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">❯</span><span> cd ./build       
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">❯</span><span> cmake ..  
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">CMake</span><span> Warning (dev) </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">at</span><span> CMakeLists.txt:43:
+</span><span>  </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">Syntax</span><span> Warning in cmake code at column 100
 </span><span>
-</span><span>  Argument not separated from preceding token by whitespace.
-</span><span>This warning is for project developers.  Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
+</span><span>  </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">Argument</span><span> not separated from preceding token by whitespace.
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">This</span><span> warning is for project developers.  Use</span><span style="color:#ffb964;"> -Wno-dev</span><span> to suppress it.
 </span><span>
-</span><span>-- The C compiler identification is GNU 14.3.1
-</span><span>-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU 14.3.1
-</span><span>-- The ASM compiler identification is GNU
-</span><span>-- Found assembler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
-</span><span>-- Detecting C compiler ABI info
-</span><span>-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
-</span><span>-- Check for working C compiler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc - skipped
-</span><span>-- Detecting C compile features
-</span><span>-- Detecting C compile features - done
-</span><span>-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
-</span><span>-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
-</span><span>-- Check for working CXX compiler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ - skipped
-</span><span>-- Detecting CXX compile features
-</span><span>-- Detecting CXX compile features - done
-</span><span>-- Configuring done (0.4s)
-</span><span>-- Generating done (0.0s)
-</span><span>-- Build files have been written to: /home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/projects/02_basic_ir/build
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> The C compiler identification is GNU 14.3.1
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> The CXX compiler identification is GNU 14.3.1
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> The ASM compiler identification is GNU
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Found assembler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting C compiler ABI info
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting C compiler ABI info - done
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Check for working C compiler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc - skipped
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting C compile features
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting C compile features - done
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting CXX compiler ABI info
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Check for working CXX compiler: /nix/store/v9p5md3d4aaqwc9i9hlaxkl7nawd9vrc-gcc-arm-embedded-14.3.rel1/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++ - skipped
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting CXX compile features
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Detecting CXX compile features - done
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Configuring done (0.4s)
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Generating done (0.0s)
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">--</span><span> Build files have been written to: /home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/projects/02_basic_ir/build
 </span></code></pre>
 <p>使用<code>make</code>命令编译：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span>❯ make   
+<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#ffb964;">❯</span><span> make   
 </span><span>[  1%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/applications/main.c.obj
 </span><span>[  2%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/rt-thread/components/libc/compilers/common/cctype.c.obj
 </span><span>[  3%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/rt-thread/components/libc/compilers/common/cstdio.c.obj
-</span><span>......
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">......
 </span><span>[ 97%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/libraries/STM32F4xx_HAL/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_tim.c.obj
 </span><span>[ 98%] Building C object CMakeFiles/rtthread.elf.dir/home/dich/Git/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/libraries/STM32F4xx_HAL/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/system_stm32f4xx.c.obj
-</span><span>[100%] Linking C executable rtthread.elf
-</span><span>   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
-</span><span>  98516    1468    8400  108384   1a760 rtthread.elf
-</span><span>[100%] Built target rtthread.elf
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">[100%]</span><span> Linking C executable rtthread.elf
+</span><span>   </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">text</span><span>    data     bss     dec     hex filename
+</span><span>  </span><span style="color:#ffb964;">98516</span><span>    1468    8400  108384   1a760 rtthread.elf
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">[100%]</span><span> Built target rtthread.elf
 </span></code></pre>
 <h2 id="shi-yong-renode">使用Renode</h2>
 <p>如果没有真实的开发版，可以使用Renode来进行仿真模拟：</p>
-<pre data-lang="shell" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-shell "><code class="language-shell" data-lang="shell"><span># 启动renode
-</span><span>renode
+<pre data-lang="bash" style="background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" class="language-bash "><code class="language-bash" data-lang="bash"><span style="color:#888888;"># 启动renode
+</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">renode
 </span><span>
-</span><span># 创建机器
-</span><span>(monitor) mach create
+</span><span style="color:#888888;"># 创建机器
+</span><span>(</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">monitor</span><span>) mach create
 </span><span>
-</span><span># 加载STM32F407平台
-</span><span>(monitor) machine LoadPlatformDescription @platforms/boards/stm32f4_discovery.repl
+</span><span style="color:#888888;"># 加载STM32F407平台
+</span><span>(</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">monitor</span><span>) machine LoadPlatformDescription @platforms/boards/stm32f4_discovery.repl
 </span><span>
-</span><span># 加载你的固件
-</span><span>(monitor) sysbus LoadELF @/你的路径/rtthread.elf
+</span><span style="color:#888888;"># 加载你的固件
+</span><span>(</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">monitor</span><span>) sysbus LoadELF @/你的路径/rtthread.elf
 </span><span>
-</span><span># 打开串口窗口（finsh会显示在这里）
-</span><span>(monitor) showAnalyzer sysbus.usart1
+</span><span style="color:#888888;"># 打开串口窗口（finsh会显示在这里）
+</span><span>(</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">monitor</span><span>) showAnalyzer sysbus.usart1
 </span><span>
-</span><span># 启动仿真
-</span><span>(monitor) start
+</span><span style="color:#888888;"># 启动仿真
+</span><span>(</span><span style="color:#ffb964;">monitor</span><span>) start
 </span></code></pre>
 <blockquote>
 <p>Renode 常用命令大全</p>