mirror of
https://github.com/Dichgrem/Blog.git
synced 2026-02-04 17:11:57 -05:00
update:stm32
This commit is contained in:
dichgrem
@@ -6,86 +6,123 @@ date = 2025-07-20
|
|||||||
tags = ["Linux"]
|
tags = ["Linux"]
|
||||||
+++
|
+++
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
前言 本文记录STM32命令行开发环境在Linux上的部署，用以替代Windows上的RT-Thread-studio。RT-Thread-studio同样是开源
|
前言 本文以星火一号开发板为例记录STM32命令行开发环境在Linux上的部署，用以替代Windows上的RT-Thread-studio。RT-Thread开源，但RT-Thread-studio不是开源
|
||||||
软件，但目前没有Nixos上的打包。
|
软件。
|
||||||
<!-- more -->
|
<!-- more -->
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 依赖包
|
# Windows方案
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **Ubuntu**
|
> 该方案使用``scons+gcc-arm-none-eabi+openocd``,可以和Vscode等等配合使用.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 拉取源码
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
https://github.com/Dichgrem/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark-template.git
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 安装依赖
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 安装 Scons 构建工具
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
pip install scons
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
- 安装 gcc-arm-none-eabi 工具链
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
在[官网](https://developer.arm.com/downloads/-/gnu-rm) 下载``gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-win32.exe``,安装后使用以下命令设置环境变量
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```powershell
|
||||||
|
$env:RTT_EXEC_PATH="C:\Program Files (x86)\GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain\10 2021.10\bin"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```powershell
|
||||||
|
$path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "Machine")
|
||||||
|
[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable(
|
||||||
|
"Path",
|
||||||
|
"$path;C:\Program Files (x86)\GNU Arm Embedded Toolchain\10 2021.10\bin",
|
||||||
|
"Machine"
|
||||||
|
)
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 安装 openocd 调试/烧录工具
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
scoop install openocd
|
||||||
|
openocd --version
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 安装串口调试工具（可选，也可以用其他串口工具）
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
pip install pyserial
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 编译固件
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
进入项目目录并在``projects``下使用scons编译固件,编译结果为``rt-thread.bin``和``rt-thread-elf``
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark
|
||||||
|
❯ cd ./projects/03_driver_als_ps
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark/projects/03_driver_als_ps studyvia C v14.3.0-gcc via ❄️ impure (nix-shell-env)
|
||||||
|
❯ scons
|
||||||
|
scons: Reading SConscript files ...
|
||||||
|
scons: done reading SConscript files.
|
||||||
|
scons: Building targets ...
|
||||||
|
scons: building associated VariantDir targets: build
|
||||||
|
......
|
||||||
|
CC build/kernel/components/drivers/i2c/i2c-bit-ops.o
|
||||||
|
LINK rt-thread.elf
|
||||||
|
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary rt-thread.elf rtthread.bin
|
||||||
|
arm-none-eabi-size rt-thread.elf
|
||||||
|
text data bss dec hex filename
|
||||||
|
87128 964 4252 92344 168b8 rt-thread.elf
|
||||||
|
scons: done building targets.
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 烧入测试
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
使用``openocd``指定开发板对应的cfg并烧入，起始地址为``0x08000000``
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
openocd -f interface/stlink.cfg -f target/stm32f4x.cfg
|
||||||
|
openocd -f interface/stlink.cfg -f target/stm32f4x.cfg -c "program rtthread.bin 0x08000000 verify reset exit"
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 串口连接
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
烧入完成后我们可以使用``pyserial``的这个命令连接到串口，退出使用``Ctrl+]``退出
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
python -m serial.tools.miniterm COM3 115200
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
> 注意Windows上和开发板连接的串口可能是COM3,COM4等等，需要和实际的相符，可以在设备管理器中查看.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# Ubuntu 方案
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 拉取源码
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```bash
|
||||||
|
https://github.com/Dichgrem/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark-template.git
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## 安装依赖
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
以ubuntu24.04为例，首先安装这些包，包括连接工具，工具链和调试器等等。
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```bash
|
||||||
sudo apt update
|
sudo apt update
|
||||||
sudo apt install -y git python3 scons openocd stlink-tools gcc-arm-none-eabi gdb-multiarch
|
sudo apt install -y git python3 scons openocd stlink-tools gcc-arm-none-eabi gdb-multiarch
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- **Nixos**
|
## 编译固件
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
虽然Nixos上没有RT-Thread-studio这个包，但是可以用flake.nix很方便的搭建一个开发环境：
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```nix
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
description = "STM32 && RT-Thread development environment";
|
|
||||||
inputs.nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
|
|
||||||
outputs = { self, nixpkgs }:
|
|
||||||
let
|
|
||||||
supportedSystems = [ "x86_64-linux" "aarch64-linux" ];
|
|
||||||
forEachSupportedSystem = f: nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs supportedSystems (system: f {
|
|
||||||
pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit self system; };
|
|
||||||
});
|
|
||||||
in
|
|
||||||
{
|
|
||||||
devShells = forEachSupportedSystem ({ pkgs }: {
|
|
||||||
default = pkgs.mkShell {
|
|
||||||
packages = with pkgs; [
|
|
||||||
python312
|
|
||||||
scons
|
|
||||||
openocd
|
|
||||||
stlink
|
|
||||||
stlink-tool
|
|
||||||
gcc-arm-embedded
|
|
||||||
picocom
|
|
||||||
renode-bin
|
|
||||||
];
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
});
|
|
||||||
};
|
|
||||||
}
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 源码
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
随后使用Git拉取项目源码：
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
```bash
|
||||||
git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread-Studio/sdk-bsp-stm32f407-spark.git
|
scons -j$(nproc)
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## ENV工具
|
## 测试连接
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
使用Git拉取RT-Thread配套的linux开发环境，并添加Shell变量。
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
|
||||||
# 克隆仓库
|
|
||||||
git clone https://github.com/RT-Thread/env.git ~/env
|
|
||||||
# 将 ~/env 添加到 PATH
|
|
||||||
export PATH="$PATH:$HOME/env"
|
|
||||||
# 显示 PATH
|
|
||||||
echo "$PATH"
|
|
||||||
# 查看 pkgs 命令是否存在
|
|
||||||
type pkgs
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
随后可以使用PKG初始化并安装两个必要的包：
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
|
||||||
pkgs --update
|
|
||||||
pip install kconfiglib
|
|
||||||
pip install scons
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 连接
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
使用USB线连接开发板和开发PC，并使用lsusb命令查看是否出现：
|
使用USB线连接开发板和开发PC，并使用lsusb命令查看是否出现：
|
||||||
```bash
|
```bash
|
||||||
@@ -106,58 +143,9 @@ Found 1 stlink programmers
|
|||||||
dev-type: STM32F4x5_F4x7
|
dev-type: STM32F4x5_F4x7
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
> 如果你和我一样将Ubuntu安装在QEMU虚拟机中 ，需要在libvirt中使用Add_hardware添加usb设备。
|
> 如果你将Ubuntu安装在QEMU等虚拟机中 ，需要在libvirt中使用Add_hardware添加usb设备。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 修改交叉工具链
|
## 烧入测试
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
链接成功后进入项目目录，发现``rtconfig.py``没有Linux路径，需要我们手动修改交叉工具链部分：
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```python
|
|
||||||
#修改 rtconfig.py
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
# cross_tool provides the cross compiler
|
|
||||||
# EXEC_PATH is the compiler execute path, for example, CodeSourcery, Keil MDK, IAR
|
|
||||||
import os
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
if CROSS_TOOL == 'gcc':
|
|
||||||
PLATFORM = 'gcc'
|
|
||||||
if os.name == 'nt':
|
|
||||||
# Windows 平台
|
|
||||||
EXEC_PATH = r'C:\Users\XXYYZZ'
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
# 修改这里
|
|
||||||
# Linux / macOS 平台
|
|
||||||
EXEC_PATH = '/usr/bin'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
elif CROSS_TOOL == 'keil':
|
|
||||||
PLATFORM = 'armclang' # KEIL AC6
|
|
||||||
# PLATFORM = 'armcc' # KEIL AC5
|
|
||||||
EXEC_PATH = r'C:/Keil_v5'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
elif CROSS_TOOL == 'iar':
|
|
||||||
PLATFORM = 'iccarm'
|
|
||||||
EXEC_PATH = r'C:/Program Files (x86)/IAR Systems/Embedded Workbench 8.3'
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
elif CROSS_TOOL == 'llvm-arm':
|
|
||||||
PLATFORM = 'llvm-arm'
|
|
||||||
if os.name == 'nt':
|
|
||||||
EXEC_PATH = r'D:\Progrem\LLVMEmbeddedToolchainForArm-17.0.1-Windows-x86_64\bin'
|
|
||||||
else:
|
|
||||||
EXEC_PATH = '/usr/bin'
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 编译
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
在完成以上设置之后我们可以开始编译。STM32使用scons编译系统，同样是menuconfig命令：
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
|
||||||
scons --menuconfig
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
修改配置并保存退出后即可开始编译，$(nproc)代表使用全部CPU线程来编译：
|
|
||||||
```bash
|
|
||||||
scons -j$(nproc)
|
|
||||||
```
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 烧入
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
编译成功后你应该会看到有一个rtthread.bin在目录下，这就是我们编译出来的系统！
|
编译成功后你应该会看到有一个rtthread.bin在目录下，这就是我们编译出来的系统！
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -171,7 +159,7 @@ st-flash read firmware_backup.bin 0x08000000 0x100001
|
|||||||
st-flash write rtthread.bin 0x08000000
|
st-flash write rtthread.bin 0x08000000
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 串口
|
## 串口连接
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
除了USB之外我们还可以使用串口连接：
|
除了USB之外我们还可以使用串口连接：
|
||||||
```bash
|
```bash
|
||||||
@@ -180,7 +168,12 @@ picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyACM0
|
|||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
可以使用``ctrl + A 然后 ctrl + x``退出。
|
可以使用``ctrl + A 然后 ctrl + x``退出。
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 使用Cmake
|
|
||||||
|
---
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
# 其他Tips
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 使用Cmake编译
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
通过官方文档可以得知除了scons外还可以使用Cmake来编译.
|
通过官方文档可以得知除了scons外还可以使用Cmake来编译.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -255,7 +248,42 @@ This warning is for project developers. Use -Wno-dev to suppress it.
|
|||||||
[100%] Built target rtthread.elf
|
[100%] Built target rtthread.elf
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## 使用Renode
|
|
||||||
|
- Nixos
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
虽然Nixos上没有RT-Thread-studio这个包，但是可以用flake.nix很方便的搭建一个开发环境：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```nix
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
description = "STM32 && RT-Thread development environment";
|
||||||
|
inputs.nixpkgs.url = "github:NixOS/nixpkgs/nixpkgs-unstable";
|
||||||
|
outputs = { self, nixpkgs }:
|
||||||
|
let
|
||||||
|
supportedSystems = [ "x86_64-linux" "aarch64-linux" ];
|
||||||
|
forEachSupportedSystem = f: nixpkgs.lib.genAttrs supportedSystems (system: f {
|
||||||
|
pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit self system; };
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
in
|
||||||
|
{
|
||||||
|
devShells = forEachSupportedSystem ({ pkgs }: {
|
||||||
|
default = pkgs.mkShell {
|
||||||
|
packages = with pkgs; [
|
||||||
|
python312
|
||||||
|
scons
|
||||||
|
openocd
|
||||||
|
stlink
|
||||||
|
stlink-tool
|
||||||
|
gcc-arm-embedded
|
||||||
|
picocom
|
||||||
|
renode-bin
|
||||||
|
];
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
});
|
||||||
|
};
|
||||||
|
}
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- 使用Renode
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
如果没有真实的开发版，可以使用Renode来进行仿真模拟：
|
如果没有真实的开发版，可以使用Renode来进行仿真模拟：
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@@ -344,4 +372,4 @@ arm-none-eabi-gdb firmware.elf
|
|||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
---
|
---
|
||||||
**Done.**
|
**Done.**
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user