2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
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< li > < a href = "https://blog.dich.bid/archive" > archive< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://blog.dich.bid/about" > about me< / a > < / li >
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< h1 class = "post-title" > < a href = "https://blog.dich.bid/awesome-openwrt/" > 综合工程:OpenWrt路由部署与软件编译< / a > < / h1 >
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2023-08-12
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:: tags:
< a class = "post-tag" href = "https://blog.dich.bid/tags/zong-he-gong-cheng/" > #综合工程< / a > < / span >
< div class = "post-content" >
2025-01-15 18:31:43 +08:00
< p > 前言 openwrt 是一个自由的、兼容性好的嵌入式 linux 发行版。作为软路由玩家必备的一款神器， ， < / p >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< span id = "continue-reading" > < / span > < h2 id = "xuan-ze-he-gua-de-she-bei" > < strong > 选择合适的设备< / strong > < / h2 >
2025-01-15 12:44:57 +08:00
< p > 无论是传统的无线路由器还是小主机都有成为openwrt路由的潜力。截止到今天， （ ， ， ， ） （ ） ； < a href = "https://mao.fan/select" > 网站< / a > 找到符合你预算和其他要求的，能刷机的路由器。
2025-01-15 18:31:43 +08:00
传统家用无线路由器由于主频低，内存小，并不适合作为软路由；而 NAS-软路由一体式 又有 all in boom 的风险， ， ， ， ： ， ， ， < / p >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< h2 id = "xuan-ze-he-gua-de-xi-tong" > < strong > 选择合适的系统< / strong > < / h2 >
2025-01-15 12:44:57 +08:00
< p > 除了openwrt主线外， ： < / p >
< ul >
< li >
2025-01-15 18:31:43 +08:00
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/coolsnowwolf/lede" > LEDE< / a > 高质量， ， < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > < a href = "https://github.com/istoreos" > iStoreOS< / a > iStoreOS是openwrt的一个分支， ： ， ， < / p >
2025-01-15 12:44:57 +08:00
< / li >
< li >
< p > < a href = "https://firmware-selector.immortalwrt.org/" > ImmortalWrt< / a > 是一个原版openwrt的分支， ， ， & 更新。< / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< h2 id = "ru-he-de-dao-yi-ge-openwrtxi-tong" > < strong > 如何得到一个openwrt系统< / strong > < / h2 >
2025-01-15 18:31:43 +08:00
< ul >
< li > 可以在恩山论坛上使用他人编译好的现成的镜像，如"高大全","精品小包"等等，但存在一定风险；< / li >
< li > 可以使用< a href = "https://downloads.openwrt.org/" > 官方固件< / a > 下载得到一个最小化的系统，再一步步添加自己要用的包；< / li >
< li > 可以使用< a href = "https://firmware-selector.openwrt.org/" > Openwrt 在线编译< / a > 或< a href = "https://openwrt.ai/?target=x86%2F64&id=generic" > Openwrt.ai< / a > 在线编译
一个固件；< / li >
< li > 可以使用GitHub action 云编译一个固件；< / li >
< li > 可以在本地linux环境中进行编译。< / li >
< / ul >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< h2 id = "x86ping-tai-an-zhuang-zhun-bei" > < strong > X86平台安装准备： < / strong > < / h2 >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< ul >
2025-01-15 12:44:57 +08:00
< li >
< p > 一个U盘与一台双网口物理机< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > openwrt 的编译包，官方网站：< a href = "https://firmware-selector.openwrt.org/?version=24.10.0-rc2&target=ipq40xx%2Fgeneric&id=glinet_gl-a1300" > OpenWrt Firmware Selector< / a > < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > 或者用由 eSir 大佬编译的< a href = "https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1uRXg_krKHPrQneI3F2GNcSVRoCgkqESr" > 懒人包< / a > < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > PE 启动盘，这里推荐< a href = "https://github.com/VirtualHotBar/HotPEToolBox" > HotPE< / a > < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > < a href = "https://www.roadkil.net/program.php?ProgramID=12#google_vignette" > img 写盘工具< / a > < / p >
< / li >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< / ul >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< h2 id = "x86ping-tai-an-zhuang-liu-cheng" > < strong > X86平台安装流程： < / strong > < / h2 >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< p > 1.进入PE环境： < / p >
< ul >
< li > 打开微PE， ， < / li >
< li > 将U盘插入目标主机， ， < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 2.格式化硬盘并写盘< / p >
< ul >
< li > 进入PE环境中， ， ； ！ ！ ！ ！ < / li >
< li > 打开img写盘工具， ， < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 3.进入配置界面< / p >
< ul >
2025-01-15 12:44:57 +08:00
< li > 重启系统并快速拔出U盘， ； ， < / li >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< li > 当看到 < code > please press Enter to activate this console< / code > 这个提示的时候系统就安装完毕了。可使用 passwd 命令设置密码。软路由将自动获取IP地址， ， < / li >
< / ul >
2025-01-15 12:44:57 +08:00
< blockquote >
< p > 硬盘空间有一部分没有被格式化， < / p >
< / blockquote >
< blockquote >
< p > 注意初始IP往往是192.168.1.1，如果和光猫冲突需要在网络-接口中更改。< / p >
< / blockquote >
< blockquote >
< p > 基本系统主题比较简陋， < / p >
< / blockquote >
< blockquote >
< p > 刷错主题无法打开luci： ） ：
< code > uci set luci.main.mediaurlbase='/luci-static/bootstrap' uci commit luci /etc/init.d/uhttpd restart< / code >
然后重新访问 Web 界面，查看是否恢复正常。< / p >
< / blockquote >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< h2 id = "x86ping-tai-bian-yi-wan-zheng-openwrt" > < strong > X86平台编译完整openwrt< / strong > < / h2 >
< ul >
< li >
< p > < strong > 系统版本： < / strong > < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > < strong > 网络要求：科学上网环境，配置推荐 2H4G 以上< / strong > < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > < strong > 编译依赖< / strong > < / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > 安装依赖
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > sudo apt update -y
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > sudo apt full-upgrade -y
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > sudo apt install -y ack antlr3 asciidoc autoconf automake autopoint binutils bison build-essential \
< / span > < span > bzip2 ccache clang cmake cpio curl device-tree-compiler flex gawk gcc-multilib g++-multilib gettext \
< / span > < span > genisoimage git gperf haveged help2man intltool libc6-dev-i386 libelf-dev libfuse-dev libglib2.0-dev \
< / span > < span > libgmp3-dev libltdl-dev libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev libpython3-dev \
< / span > < span > libreadline-dev libssl-dev libtool llvm lrzsz msmtp ninja-build p7zip p7zip-full patch pkgconf \
< / span > < span > python3 python3-pyelftools python3-setuptools qemu-utils rsync scons squashfs-tools subversion \
< / span > < span > swig texinfo uglifyjs upx-ucl unzip vim wget xmlto xxd zlib1g-dev
< / span > < span >
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 清理< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > sudo apt autoremove --purge
< / span > < span > sudo apt clean
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 新建一个用户，用于编译固件(可选)< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > useradd -m openwrt # 新建一个名为 openwrt 的用户
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
< p > 不可以使用Root用户进行编译！ < / p >
< / blockquote >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 修改用户默认的 Shell< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > apt install -y sudo
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > usermod -s /bin/bash openwrt
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 切换用户< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
2025-01-18 22:20:41 +08:00
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > su openwrt
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > cd ~
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 拉取源码，这里用的是 LEDE 分支源码：< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > git clone https://github.com/coolsnowwolf/lede
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > cd lede
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 添加软件源,可自行添加软件源至 feeds.conf.default 文件， ： < / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > vim feeds.conf.default
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > 常用源
< / span > < span > src-git kenzo https://github.com/kenzok8/openwrt-packages
< / span > < span > src-git small https://github.com/kenzok8/small
< / span > < span > src-git haibo https://github.com/haiibo/openwrt-packages
< / span > < span > src-git liuran001 https://github.com/liuran001/openwrt-packages
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 单独添加< / strong > （在更新并安装插件之前执行）例如：< / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > git clone https://github.com/chenmozhijin/turboacc.git
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 更新并安装插件< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > ./scripts/feeds clean
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > ./scripts/feeds update -a
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > ./scripts/feeds install -a
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 自定义配置< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > < strong > 修改默认IP为 10.0.0.2< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > sed -i ' s/192.168.1.1/192.168.2.1/g' package/base-files/files/bin/config_generate
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 修改默认主机名< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > sed -i ' /uci commit system/i\uci set system.@system[0].hostname=' OpenWrt' ' package/lean/default-settings/files/zzz-default-settings
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 加入编译者信息< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > sed -i " s/OpenWrt /smith build $(TZ=UTC-8 date " +%Y.%m.%d" ) @ OpenWrt /g" package/lean/default-settings/files/zzz-default-settings
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 修改默认主题< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > sed -i " s/luci-theme-bootstrap/luci-theme-argon/g" feeds/luci/collections/luci/Makefile
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 执行 < strong > make menuconfig< / strong > 命令进入编译菜单。< / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 菜单选项说明< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > < strong > 选择 CPU 类型< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > Target System (x86) --> # 软路由选择 x86，
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > Subtarget (x86_64) --> # CPU 子选项
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > Target Profile (Generic x86/64) --> # 厂家具体型号
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 设置镜像编译的格式（ ， ） < / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > Target Images --> # 默认 squashfs
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 添加较多插件时， ， （ ） < / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > Target Images --> (16) Kernel partition size (in MB) # 默认是16，
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 开启 IPv6 支持< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > Extra packages --> ipv6helper（ ， ）
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 开启适用于 VMware 的 VMware Tools< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > Utilities --> open-vm-tools
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > Utilities --> open-vm-tools-fuse
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 选择插件< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > LuCI --> Applications # 根据需要选择，* 代表编入固件， ，
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 选择主题< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > LuCI --> Themes # 选择喜欢的主题，可以选多个
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 配置完成后使用编译菜单底部的 Save 保存，然后退出菜单 Exit， < / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 预下载编译所需的软件包< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > make download -j8
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 检查文件完整性< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > find dl -size -1024c -exec ls -l {} \;
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 检查文件完整性命令可以列出下载不完整的文件， ， ， ， < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > find dl -size -1024c -exec rm -f {} \;
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 最后编译固件，编译完成后输出路径是 < strong > bin/targets< / strong > ，默认密码是 < strong > password< / strong > .< / p >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 编译固件（-j 后面是线程数，首次编译推荐用单线程）< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > make V=s -j1
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > < strong > 二次编译< / strong > < / li >
< / ul >
< p > 拉取最新 OpenWrt 源码和更新 feeds 源中的软件包源码< / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > cd lede
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > git pull
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > ./scripts/feeds update -a
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > ./scripts/feeds install -a
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 清除旧的编译产物和目录（可选）< / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > make clean
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< ul >
< li > 源码有大规模更新或者内核更新后执行，以保证编译质量;此操作会删除 /bin 和 /build_dir 目录中的文件< / li >
< / ul >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > make dirclean
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
< p > 更换架构编译前必须执行< / p >
< / blockquote >
< blockquote >
< p > 此操作会删除 /bin 和 /build_dir 目录的中的文件（ ） ， < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > 同首次编译，多线程编译失败后自动进入单线程编译，失败则输出详细日志< / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > make defconfig
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > make download -j8
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > find dl -size -1024c -exec ls -l {} \;
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > make -j$(nproc) || make -j1 || make -j1 V=s
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< h1 id = "ru-guo-xu-yao-zhong-xin-pei-zhi" > 如果需要重新配置< / h1 >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > rm -rf ./tmp & & rm -rf .config # 清除临时文件和编译配置文件
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > make menuconfig
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > make download -j8
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > find dl -size -1024c -exec ls -l {} \;
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > make -j$(nproc) || make -j1 || make -j1 V=s
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
2025-01-15 18:31:43 +08:00
< h2 id = "armping-tai-an-zhuang-openwrt" > Arm平台安装OpenWrt： < / h2 >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< p > 相比X86平台， ， ： < / p >
< ul >
< li >
< p > 首先得知道你的设备的CPU， ， < a href = "https://archive.openwrt.org/releases/23.05.4/targets/" > 仓库< / a > 查看并下载包体。< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > 当然也可以在< a href = "https://firmware-selector.openwrt.org/" > 这里< / a > 直接下载相关型号对应的固件，其中 Sysupgrade 映像是用来更新现有运行 OpenWrt 的设备，使用 Factory 映像在首次刷机时刷入。< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > 随后开启Telnet或者SSH或者TTL串口连接到路由器， ， < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > 通过Uboot的网络界面刷入Factory包， （ ） < / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
2025-01-17 22:25:05 +08:00
< h2 id = "zai-ubuntushang-dan-du-bian-yi-openwrtde-ipkbao" > 在ubuntu上单独编译openwrt的ipk包< / h2 >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< p > 这里以ubuntu环境为例， < / p >
< blockquote >
< p > < code > 注意编译不能使用Root用户！ < / code > < / p >
< / blockquote >
< p > < strong > 随后安装编译依赖的各个包：< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > sudo apt install python3-distutils-extra git gawk libncurses-dev build-essential binutils bzip2 diff find flex gawk gcc-6+ getopt grep install libc-dev libz-dev make4.1+ perl python3.7+ rsync subversion unzip which
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > sudo apt install -y build-essential python3-dev python3-setuptools swig \
< / span > < span > libmesa-dev libwayland-dev libgraphene-dev \
< / span > < span > gawk wget git-core diffstat unzip texinfo gcc-multilib \
< / span > < span > libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev zlib1g-dev \
< / span > < span > libssl-dev flex bison gperf libxml-parser-perl \
< / span > < span > python-is-python3 python3-pip gettext
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > sudo apt install -y swig
< / span > < span > sudo apt install -y mesa-common-dev libwayland-dev libgraphene-1.0-dev
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 随后下载我们< strong > 刷入openwrt的对应的SDK包< / strong > ，如< / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > git clone https://github.com/immortalwrt/immortalwrt.git
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 下载和安装仓库信息< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > ./scripts/feeds update -a
< / span > < span > ./scripts/feeds install -a
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > < strong > 下载并选中我们需要编译的包,这里以inyn为例： < / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > git clone https://github.com/diredocks/openwrt-inyn.git ./package/inyn
< / span > < span > make menuconfig
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< p > 在 < code > menuconfig< / code > 的命令行界面中，选中 < code > Network -> inyn< / code > 将其首部调整为 < code > < M> < / code > 表示按需编译，最后选中 < code > Save -> OK -> Exit< / code > 保存配置信息，然后 < code > Exit< / code > 退出配置。< / p >
< p > < strong > 编译 inyn 软件包< / strong > < / p >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > make package/inyn/compile V=s
< / span > < span > ## 如果不行则需要先编译工具链，即为 make j=4 ，
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< h2 id = "chang-yong-ming-ling" > 常用命令:< / h2 >
< pre style = "background-color:#151515;color:#e8e8d3;" > < code > < span > # 更新软件列表
< / span > < span > opkg update
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > # 更新所有 LUCI 插件
< / span > < span > opkg list-upgradable | grep luci- | cut -f 1 -d ' ' | xargs opkg upgrade
< / span > < span >
< / span > < span > # 如果要更新所有软件，包括 OpenWRT 内核、固件等
< / span > < span > opkg list-upgradable | cut -f 1 -d ' ' | xargs opkg upgrade
< / span > < / code > < / pre >
< blockquote >
< p > 新版本的openwrt（ ） < / p >
< / blockquote >
2025-01-15 20:00:46 +08:00
< h2 id = "zui-zhong-shi-xian-mu-biao" > 最终实现目标< / h2 >
< ul >
< li > 1.IPv6 分配到每个设备；< / li >
< li > 2.NAT类型为NAT1（ ） ； < / li >
< li > 3.可控的流量记录与IP控制/QOS； < / li >
< li > 4.可靠的硬件加速；< / li >
< li > 5.多线多播/宽带提速；< / li >
< li > 6.PPPoE拨号， ； < / li >
< li > 7.智能DNS配置与去广告； < / li >
< li > 8.VPN配置回家； < / li >
< li > 9.实现透明代理。< / li >
< / ul >
< blockquote >
< p > 剩余专业路由功能可以由ROS替代， ， ！ < / p >
< / blockquote >
2025-01-15 18:31:43 +08:00
< h2 id = "link" > 🔗< / h2 >
2025-01-02 21:19:48 +08:00
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://openwrt.org/zh/docs/start" > Openwrt wiki< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://openwrt.ai/?target=ipq807x%2Fgeneric&id=xiaomi_ax3600" > OpenWrt在线定制编译< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://www.cnblogs.com/tfel-ypoc/p/17226064.html" > openwrt luci 页面无法访问 问题排查< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://post.smzdm.com/p/axz6369w/" > 超详细， ， ， ， < / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44548582/article/details/121064734" > 保姆级-光猫改桥接-路由拨号-openwrt端口转发< / a > < / li >
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